Disease relations: It is the primary vector of malaria in 17 of 20 Caribbean countries and in the coastal plains of Mexico and Central America since it has been naturally infected with Plasmodium in almost all the sites where it has been collected (Faran, 1980; Loyola et al ., 1993; WRBU, 2008). It was also shown that under laboratory conditions this species is capable of transmitting in Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus (Bautista-Garfias et al., 1977).

Immature stages develop in a wide variety of aquatic habitats, both freshwater and brackish. They require a large amount of sunlight so it is difficult to find in shady waters. Breeding sites are characterized by abundant vegetation with waste and seaweed, and the waste is murky with a muddy bottom. Immatures are collected in contaminated areas, in areas with secondary vegetation such as plantations, open fields, and grasslands. The aquatic plants associated with the immature are Pistia sp., Elodea sp., Naias sp., Chara sp. and Utricularia sp. (Faran, 1980). They have been found in artificial containers such as irrigation tanks in gardens and orchards (Hoffman, 1931) as well as disused swimming pools (Díaz Nieto et al., 2020). They have been collected in puddles between rocks on a riverbed with Culex dolosus and Aechmea distichantha and Vriesea friburgensis var. tucumanensis. Larvae of Nyssorhynchus argyritarsis were collected in association with larvae of Anopheles neomaculipalpus, Anopheles argentinus, and Culex maxi (Díaz Nieto et al., 2020). Adults are great fliers and the female feeds on men, although they do so with domestic animals, especially cattle and horses their domesticity is linked to the proximity of human settlements to hatcheries and to the attraction that light exerts on females, so it is common to find them in the rooms at night, but return to their resting places, outside the home, in the morning (Bordas et al., 1951; Carpenter & LaCasse, 1955). Females have been also collected in the border of the forest, with marshy areas where cattle graze.