Type locality: Camp Santa de Salta, Salta Province, Argentina.

Disease relations: females of Culex saltanensis are considered the primary vector of Plasmodium juxtanucleare, which affects chickens
(Consoli and de Oliveira 1994) and are also efficient experimental vectors of Plasmodium cathemerium, another avian parasite (de Oliveira & Castro 1991). The species is susceptible to SLEV and competent for its transmission in laboratory conditions (Beranek et al. 2020).

Immature stages have been collected in water accumulated in land depressions and puddles originated by rainfalls or overflowing, between rocks. Larvae also develop in artificial concrete ponds with high sun exposure, and water with a large number of algae and organic matter in suspension (Linares et al. 2016). Larvae were collected from artificial breeding sites like disused tires and pools of water created by excessive urban irrigation (Díaz Nieto et al. 2020). Larvae were found coexisting with Ochlerotatus albifasciatus larvae in natural and artificial breeding sites (Díaz Nieto et al. 2020). Females were captured on humans, occasionally inside houses, and with chicken-baited traps.